I am trying to generate a random intvalue with Java, but in a specific range.
For example:
My range is 5-10, meaning that 5 is the smallest possible value and 10 is the biggest. Any other number in between these numbers is possible to be a value, too.
In Java, there is a method random() in the Math class, which returns a double value between 0.0 and 1.0. In the class Random there is the method nextInt(int n), which returns a random intvalue in the range of 0 (inclusive) and n (exclusive). I couldn't find a method, which returns a random integer value between two numbers.
I have tried the following things, but I still have problems: (minimum and maximum are the smallest and biggest numbers).
Solution 1:
randomNum = minimum + (int)(Math.random() * maximum);
Problem:
randomNum can be bigger than maximum.
Solution 2:
Random rn = new Random();
int n = maximum - minimum + 1;
int i = rn.nextInt() % n;
randomNum = minimum + i;
Problem:
randomNum can be smaller than minimum.
How do I solve these problems?
I have tried also browsing through the archive and found:
But I couldn't solve the problem.
Solution:
In Java 1.7 or later, the standard way to do this is as follows:
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
// nextInt is normally exclusive of the top value,
// so add 1 to make it inclusive
int randomNum = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(min, max + 1);
See
the relevant JavaDoc. This approach has the advantage of not needing to explicitly initialize a
java.util.Random instance, which can be a source of confusion and error if used inappropriately.
However, conversely there is no way to explicitly set the seed so it can be difficult to reproduce results in situations where that is useful such as testing or saving game states or similar. In those situations, the pre-Java 1.7 technique shown below can be used.
Before Java 1.7, the standard way to do this is as follows:
import java.util.Random;
/**
* Returns a pseudo-random number between min and max, inclusive.
* The difference between min and max can be at most
* <code>Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1</code>.
*
* @param min Minimum value
* @param max Maximum value. Must be greater than min.
* @return Integer between min and max, inclusive.
* @see java.util.Random#nextInt(int)
*/
public static int randInt(int min, int max) {
// NOTE: This will (intentionally) not run as written so that folks
// copy-pasting have to think about how to initialize their
// Random instance. Initialization of the Random instance is outside
// the main scope of the question, but some decent options are to have
// a field that is initialized once and then re-used as needed or to
// use ThreadLocalRandom (if using at least Java 1.7).
Random rand;
// nextInt is normally exclusive of the top value,
// so add 1 to make it inclusive
int randomNum = rand.nextInt((max - min) + 1) + min;
return randomNum;
}
In particular, there is no need to reinvent the random integer generation wheel when there is a straightforward API within the standard library to accomplish the task.
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/363681/how-to-generate-random-integers-within-a-specific-range-in-java
